Carburetor for internal combustion engines



Sept. 19, 1933.`

A. F. JACKSON CAR-BURETOR FORv INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 16, 1932 Wn rmfwlhww.:

s: i@ k mill *l m ATTORNEYS.

Patented sept. 19, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE Alfred F. Jackson, Providence, R. I., assgnor to Lewis R. Smith, receiver Apco Mossberg Corporation, a corporation of Rhode Island Application December `16, 1932 Serial No. 647,608

8 Claims.y

This invention relates to an improvement in a carburetor for internal combustion engines;

and has for one of 'its objects the variation of the fuel supply in an amount limited in proportion to the amount of throttle opening of the carburetor; the arrangement being such that the load requirements do not aiect the fuel supply when the throttle is substantially closed but which may affect it to the full degree when wide open and proportionally affect it between these two positions.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a simple construction which may be attached to the carburetor of known type now in existence by a simple replacement of certain readily accessible parts and the addition of other parts thereto.

A stilll'further object of the invention is the provision of the construction of a carburetor having two relatively movable parts for the control of the fuel, one of which is moved in response to the flow of air thru the carburetor to pick up the fuel and the other of which is moved independently of the throttle but in response 25'- to load conditions, whereby a saving may be effected in the fuel supplied.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of conparticularly-pointed out in the appended clams,

In the accompanying drawing: Fig. 1 is aside elevation Aof a carburetor partly broken away to show its internal construction with my improvement attached thereto, the same being in idling position of the engine.

Fig. 2 is a sectional viewfof the parts of my improvement showing in dotted lines theparts of the usual carburetor to which they are applied, the throttle being partly advanced.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation vpartly in section of the plunger and metering pin attached thereto for controlling the fuel supplied.

1n the use of certain carburetors for internal combustion engines, it is desirable to control the fuel supply that the same may be richer or leaner in response to the load conditions of the engine. This may be to some extent` controlled",V

by the amount of vacuum or depression of atmospheric pressure in the manifold of the engine but it is found that when the vengine is idling or when no load is applied the vacuum is relatively high and the fuel supply so controlled that it may be shut off to such an extent that the engine will fail to operate and that it is at the greater speeds or when the throttle is advanced that a greater economy'may be effected by the use of such connection to the manifold and acy cordingly I have devised an apparatus which may be attached to a carburetor which is unaffected by vacuum or depressed atmospheric condition in the manifold when the engine is idling but which may be affected by this vacuum in proportion as the throttle is opened, the arrangementv being such that the fuel can never be r shut off beyond a certain desired minimum amount; and the following is a detailed descrip-r tion of .this invention illustrating the preferred means by which these advantageous results may be accomplished:- With reference to the drawing, I have shown a carburetor such as is usual on the Ford V 8 automobiles and have illustrated my attachment applied thereto. This ,carburetor consists of a body part l0 having a throttle plate Atherein secured to and controlled by a shaft 12 which is moved by an arm 13 and which is connected at 14 to any convenient linkage for the operation thereof. For rapid acceleration this carburetor is provided with an accelerating pump to mo-V mentarily supply extra fuel to'the mixing chamber 9, which pump is housed in the casing 15 vv from which there extends a pump plunger 16 struction, as will be more fully described, and?" which is connected by a suitable linkage 17 to the throttle shaft 12 so as to operate therewith. 85 A quick opening of the throttle causes a rapid downward movement of the pump plunger and piston (not shown), forcing fuel upjthrough the hollow stem of the pump plunger and out through the discharge nozzle (not shown) into the mixing chamber 9. The operation and control of the fuel in the pump is no part of this invention and neednot be further described.

In the upper part of the body 10, there is located a gradually tapering metering pin 22 sur rounded by a movable sleeve 18. This movable sleeve is threaded at its lower end to a bushing which is secured to and moved downwardly by a pair of vanes 20. AThese vanes 20 are pivotally mounted to move freely and are interposed in the path of the air enteringthe mixing chamber from the air chamber. As the throttle valve near the bottom of the carburetor is opened the suction thru the carburetor is increased and a greater amount of air enters the mixing chamber. This in-rushing air forces the lower ends of the vanesapart and swings downwardly the upper portion of the vanesthus moving downwardly the movable sleeve against the ,slight upward thrust ofthe light coiled spring 19 encircling'the movable sleeve. `Consequently, as the throttle valve is opened for higher engine speeds, `thewider apart the vanes will open and the lower the. sleeve will-move, the end of the,

V 8 engine the metering pin 22 is manually adjustable' and when manually set remains in this set position, the flow being controlled by movement of the aspirating sleeve '18. In my improvement I mount this metering pin so that it may be moved limitedly, automaticallyv by a vacuum deviceconnected to the'manifold.

lThe pin 22 is mounted by a ballfand socket joint in the plunger 23, vwhich is slidable in a bearing 24 in one end of a cup-shaped plug v25 and is forced upwardly by a spring 26 acting between the bottom of the plug and the enlarged head 27 of the plunger.

The vacuum device consists of a pair of telescoping parts which may. be considered as a cylinder 28 and` a piston 29 which are forced apart by a spring 30. The `cylinder 28 is closed by a member 31 having an opening 32 therein, which I connect by a flexible conduit 33 to the manifold or it may be connected directly to the lower portion 34 of the body of `the carburetor,

as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The cylvinder or part 28 is connected to the pump plunger 16 or any part which moves inresponse to the movement of the throttle. The pist-on or. other 4part 29 of the vacuum device is -provided with a cap 34 which is adjustably connected by a threaded pin to a lever 35 having a cam 36 o`n the end thereof, said lever -being pivoted at 37 in a bracket 38 mounted upon the top 39 of the carburetor. In this bracket, there is also a lever 40 pivotedas at 4.1y and having contacting ensagement with the cam 36. The lever 40 is provided with a threaded pin 42 having a head 43 with `handles 44 thereon for convenience in manual adjustment. This pin engages the top of the'plunger 23 whereby the plunger maybe .manually adjusted to set the metering pin 22 in its desired position.

The arrangement of the parts will be such that when the throttle` plate is substantially closed and the pump plunger 16 at 'the top of its stroke, the'cylinder and piston, or two movable -parts28 and 29 will be at the limit of their travel so that the end 45 of the piston 29 will bottom against the closure member 31. This will be the Vposition for the idling of the engine and as the parts are at the limit of their travel any vacuum acting upon the piston at this time will have no .effect upon the metering pin 22. However, as the throttle is advanced, the pump plunger will be pulled down and consequently the cylinder 20 which moves with it and in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, which is that of partly opening the vacuum created in the manifold, may act upon the piston to a limited degree and pull the same down thereby moving fthe taperedl metering -pin linto its opening to restrict the fuel supply. When the device isr fully open `or at maximum, the cylinder will be moved .down to the limit of its travel and the vacuum may lact to the full extent lupon the piston to` draw it down to anextent equal to, the amountrthe cylinder has been moved down with the pump plunger, thusthe action of the vacuum at any point of the opening of the throttle will be limited in Yits action lin an amount proportional to the amount that the throttle isopened land the inflow of gas 4will be affected up to` this limit'as the load occurs in the engine. This limit will be such that at no time will the metering pin be moved into the aspirating'psleeve suiliciently to block the fuel supply which is to be guarded against when the `engine is idling and yet' variations according to the load are taken care of when the engine is running in normal operating condition or at the maximum operating condition thereby great saving in fuel is occasioned.

4 The foregoing description is directed solely towards the construction illustrated, but I desire it to be understood that I reserve the privilege of resorting to all the mechanical changes to which thedevice is susceptible, the invention being defined and limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a. fuel control combustion engines, the combination of a carburetor having a throttle control, and a lfuel supply control comprising two members, one of which is movable about the other in responseto the flow of air thru the throttle control, and

means actuated by the vacuum acting on the carburetor to move the other Vof'said members to vary the fuel supply.

2. In a fuel control 'apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination of a carburetor having a throttle control and a fuel supy ply control comprising a sleeve member and a metering pin member, one -of which members is movable in response to the flow ,of air thru the throttle control and a device actuated by the apparatus for ,internal vacuum acting on the carburetor to move the buretor having a throttle control and a fuel supply controlV comprising two members, one of' which is movable in response to the flow of air thru the throttle control, and means actuated by the vacuum acting on the carburetor to move the other of said membersvto vary the fuel supply, said means comprising two parts, one part being connected to be moved in response to the throttle and the other. part being connected -to the said other member.y

5. In a fuel control apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination of a carburetor having a throttle control and a' fuel supply control comprising a sleeve member and a metering pin member, one of which members is movable in response to the flow of air thru the throttle control, and means actuated by the vacuum acting on the carburetor to move the other member to vary the fuel supply, said means comprising two parts, one part being connected to be moved yin response to the throttle and the other part being connected to the said other member.

6. Ina fuel control apparatus for internal combustion engines, the combination of acarcombustion engines, the combination of a car-` buretor having a throttle and a throttle control and a metering pin for controlling the `fuel sup- Ply, and means connected to said throttle to move in response thereto and actuated by the vacuum acting upon the carburetor for affecting the action of the control o! the fuel proportionally to the amount of movement of the throttle control, said means comprising two vrelatively movable parts drawn together by the action of said vacuum and set to be in contracted position when the throttle is closed, whereby the vacuum will have no eflect thereon when the throttle is closed, said pms being movable by the vacuum only in an amount corresponding to that which Y they are moved apart in response to movement of the throttle.

8. In a fuel control apparatus for internal' combustion engines, the combination of a carburetor having 'a throttle and a throttle control and a metering pin for controlling the fuel supply, andmeans connected to said throttle to move in response thereto and actuated by the vacuum acting upon the carburetor for affecting the action of the control of the fuel proportionally to the amount of movement of the throttle control, said means comprising a cylinder and a piston therein moved by action of `said vacuum,

said piston being set to be at the limit of its stroke when the throttle is closed, whereby vacuum can cause no movement of said piston, said piston and cylinder being relatively movable by the vacuum only in an amount that they are relatively moved from this position of limit in response to movement of the throttle.

ALFRED F. JACKSON.

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